STRESS AND DISTRESS IN SPORTS: PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS, ADAPTATION, AND IMPACT ON ATHLETES’ PERFORMANCE
Keywords:
stress, distress, eustress, athlete, cortisol, adaptation, psychophysiology, sports load, recovery, anxiety.Abstract
This article examines stress reactions in athletes, their physiological mechanisms, the role of eustress and distress in sports performance, as well as methods for assessing and correcting stress states. Special attention is given to the functioning of the sympatho-adrenal system and the hypothalamic–pituitaryadrenal axis, the influence of cortisol on adaptation, and the methods of psychological and physiological regulation. Practical recommendations for coaches and sports physicians are presented.
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